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- WORLD, Page 35COMMUNISTSA Spymaster Returns Home
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- All he wants, says Markus Wolf, in from the cold, is to live in
- Berlin and write a children's book
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- By DANIEL BENJAMIN/BONN
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- If statistics were kept for such things, Markus Wolf
- might be said to have had the longest winning streak in the
- annals of espionage. For more than three decades before his
- retirement in 1987, he ran a succession of agents in the nerve
- centers of the West, and nowhere more effectively than in West
- Germany. Yet last week, that rampage through the history of
- spycraft appeared to have ended in bright morning sunshine at
- the village of Bayerisch Gmain on the Austrian border. There,
- nearly a year after German unification, Markus Wolf, now 68,
- surrendered.
-
- Thus ended a Wanderjahr in which Wolf fled through central
- Europe to the Soviet Union shortly before unification, then
- trekked backward because his continued sanctuary in Moscow
- seemed risky in the aftermath of the failed August coup. In
- Austria, his last stop before turning himself in, Wolf appeared
- to be teasing Bonn with impunity for three weeks. He applied for
- political asylum, counting on the international legal practice
- prohibiting extradition of individuals to countries where they
- are wanted for political crimes.
-
- But Austria's avowed desire to have the unwanted guest
- leave -- and the refusal of Sweden and possibly other countries
- to which the fugitive spook applied for asylum -- limited his
- options. Returning to the Soviet Union was an unappealing
- choice; after all, the presence there of former East German
- leader Erich Honecker continues to be a sore spot in Moscow's
- relations with Bonn. According to the German Foreign Ministry,
- Honecker himself is considering returning to Germany.
-
- Wolf evidently decided that it was better to risk serving
- time in Germany than to reign as a hero in a remaining
- communist bastion such as China, Cuba or North Korea -- and he
- may be right. Whisked from the border by German Justice Ministry
- officials, who met him there by prearrangement with his
- attorney, Wolf was driven to Karlsruhe, seat of the country's
- high courts. There he was booked for espionage but,
- astonishingly, was released by a magistrate on $30,000 bail. The
- magistrate's reasoning: that since Wolf had turned himself in,
- there was little likelihood that he would try to flee the
- country. The ruling was promptly appealed by Germany's chief
- prosecutor, Alexander von Stahl, and Wolf was put in
- investigative custody. A ruling on the appeal could come this
- week and set Wolf free.
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- Even if the court does release him on his own
- recognizance, it seems unlikely that Wolf will spend much time
- in jail. Germany's Constitutional Court is now deliberating over
- whether former East German spies and intelligence officials can
- be prosecuted for simply having done their jobs. The issue was
- brought before the court in July when a Berlin judge suspended
- proceedings against Werner Grossmann, Wolf's successor as chief
- of the Hauptverwaltung Aufklarung, the foreign-intelligence
- department of the Stasi secret police. It would be a violation
- of the German constitutional guarantee of equal treatment, the
- judge contended, to convict an eastern German spy for something
- that western German spies continue to do legally. Both a former
- chief of West German intelligence and a former Constitutional
- Court judge have echoed that argument; a ruling by the court is
- expected by January.
-
- The vagaries of postunification law are not the only
- factors working in favor of Wolf, who told the magazine Der
- Spiegel that he only wants to live quietly in his Berlin home
- and write a children's book. He has extensive knowledge that
- Bonn's intelligence officials would like to tap. There are
- estimates that as many as 400 former spies from his old
- organization remain under cover in Germany and may be working
- for the KGB or other intelligence agencies. Wolf has sworn in
- recent interviews -- and he is already adept in Western ways,
- reportedly charging tens of thousands of dollars for each
- session -- that he will not be turning anyone in. But even if
- the spymaster's "principles" prevent him from making a deal, he
- also commands a trove of damaging information about the private
- lives of many German politicians and public figures. Justice
- officials promise that they will prosecute Wolf without
- reservation. But no one is yet counting out the Houdini of
- European espionage.
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